Adapting Your Leadership Style free essay sample

Adjusting your Leadership Style According to Dubrin a multicultural pioneer is a pioneer that comprises of the required qualities and capacities to effectively recognize and empower individuals across race, sex, age, social mien, and ways of life (Dubrin, 2013). All together for a pioneer to adjust initiative styles to address universal, social, and moral issues, you should create worldwide and multifaceted administration aptitudes, be assorted and adaptable in your style of authority. Worldwide and multicultural initiative aptitudes will bolster a pioneer in adjusting their administration style to the need of the individual or culture (HBR, 2006). A pioneers must get the require aptitudes about a particular culture to create acclimated with its qualities, practices and custom. It is Important for a pioneer to be aware of social comprehension and dissimilarities . Multifaceted preparing is an extraordinary technique to help with learning various traditions, customs, and convictions (Dubrin, 2013). Social worth contrasts help with understanding the distinctions among individuals (Dubrin, 2013). We will compose a custom paper test on Adjusting Your Leadership Style or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Qualities, for example, execution direction, work direction and that's just the beginning, offer understanding to which initiative style is important and ought to be actualized. As a pioneer it is significant that you worth and grasp assorted variety. Pioneers are answerable for being moral and social by adequately giving the required apparatuses to a various group (Dubrin, 2013). Pioneers must be available to contemporary ideas and give persistent input so as to connect with and advance assorted variety (Castro, 2013). Esteeming assorted variety is understandable when it is embedded and a piece of the associations and pioneers everyday technique (Dubrin, 2013). Initiative adaptability and flexibility are key in the turn of events and accomplishment of a compelling worldwide, social, and moral pioneer. Learning an assortment of authority styles will widen your abilities on the most proficient method to adjust to the individual needs of a gathering or colleague. There are a few stages to adjusting administration styles to singular needs. The initial step is to decide individual formative levels (HBR, 2006). Next, after you have surveyed the group member’s level of advancement and culture you should pick the proper authority style for that individual (HBR, 2006). Contingent upon the status of the colleague you may likewise should be order, give training, be steady or agent assignments to finish your administration style adjustment. Adjusting your style of authority is imperative in settling universal, social, and moral issues. It is the duty of the pioneer to keep up and defeat multifaceted hindrances, for example, correspondence, suspicions, decorum contrasts, appearance and the sky is the limit from there. A pioneer must emphasize that everybody in the association must cooperate as a group paying little mind to a colleagues age, inability, or culture. The best possible instructing and preparing for the pioneers and colleagues can connect an absence of information hole and offer the required help and inspiration for a various gathering to be a fruitful association. References Castro, A. (2013). Reconsidering decent variety. TD, 67(2), 36-40. Dubrin, A. J. (2013). Leadership: Research discoveries, practice, and aptitudes (7thâ ed. ). Boston:Houghton Mifflin Company. HBR ManageMentor Plus (2006). Driving and Motivating. Recovered fromhttp://hbs. waldenu. edu/propel/spur/choices/record. htm.

Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Achievement

Connection Between Emotional Intelligence and Achievement Present investigation was directed to discover the connection between enthusiastic knowledge and confidence with scholarly accomplishment in A level understudies. An example of 50 understudies wherein 25 young ladies and 25 young men, age extended from 16 to 20 years were taken from 3 schools. They finished two poll Life Orientation Test-Revised and Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test. Furthermore, Academic Achievement was estimated through evaluations of the understudies from their school record. Pearson connection and t-test was applied on information that uncovered 1) exceptionally noteworthy connection between passionate insight, confidence and scholastic accomplishment. 2) There is no noteworthy sex contrast on the sizes of Life Orientation Test-Revised and Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test. Discoveries demonstrated that there is a positive relationship of passionate knowledge and confidence with scholastic accomplishment therefore it is significant for the guardians and the instructors to cause the kids to figure out how to be idealistic and figure out how to control and deal with their feelings also. Presentation This exploration intends to discover the connection of passionate insight and good faith with scholarly accomplishment among understudies of (A levels) higher optional school. Scholastic accomplishment just didn't portray that the understudy is genuinely smart or hopeful and can do well in all periods of life. Generally a people keenness is estimated regarding their IQ, it is expected that experts and specialists have high IQ, anyway IQ fills in as just the record of numerical and logical capacity, it has almost no essentialness with accomplishment in expert and individual life in light of the fact that as indicated by Goleman (1995) IQ alone is no more the measure for progress; passionate insight, social knowledge, and karma additionally assume a major job in a people achievement, it is the Emotional Intelligence which transforms the person into a fruitful and prosperous in light of the fact that they knew their feelings and can recognize others also and ready to control them or control them in better manner and on the off chance that the individual is hopeful, at that point his/her idealistic reasoning and enthusiastic knowledge will accompanies him/her to effective life, as needs be this examination tries to discover the connection of enthusiastic insight and positive thinking with scho larly accomplishment. Passionate knowledge (EI) can be characterized as; it is having the option to screen our own and others sentiments and feelings, to segregate among them, and to utilize this to control our reasoning and activities (Salovey Mayer, 1990). The characteristic of EI is basically contained four essential parts; the capacity to perceive and communicate feeling; having the option to get to and use feelings to empower thought; the capacity to get feelings; and to oversee feelings. The sincerely astute individual is gifted in four regions: distinguishing, utilizing, comprehension and controlling feelings (Salovey Mayer, 1993). At that point it tends to be said that achievement relies upon a few insights and on the control of feelings. John Mayer and Peter Salovey (1990) found that a few people were better than others at things like distinguishing their own sentiments, recognizing the sentiments of others, and tackling issues including intense subject matters. As per them EI is a genuine type o f knowledge which has not been deductively estimated. They suggested that passionate knowledge manages the feelings in a manner that in the event that somebody is sincerely wise he/she will be better ready to deal with his/her feelings and incorporate them. As indicated by Cooper and Sawaf (1997), enthusiastic knowledge is the capacity to consistently deal with the feelings, comprehends and to applies these controlled and oversaw feelings to interface and impact. These creators lay more accentuation on the application part of EI in associations. In straightforward words enthusiastic knowledge is utilizing your feelings brilliantly. The initial step to this would perceive and understanding your feelings. For instance, if your manager shouts at you in office today since you came in late, getting back home and shouting at your children would not be the best activity. It will simply keep the adverse inclination coasting starting with one people head then onto the next. A genuinely astute individual in this circumstance would initially perceive that he is furious on the grounds that his supervisor hollered at him. Dr. Goleman (1999) states that consciousness of our sentiments additionally empowers us to see the sentiments of others precisely - to be sympathetic, to feel with someone else. For this situation, understanding that your supervisor hollered in light of the fact that you arrived behind schedule, will cause you to understand that being on time will improve things. In this way, managing our feelings sanely and astutely will improve occasions. At the point when therapists started to compose and consider knowledge, they concentrated on subjective perspectives, for example, memory and critical thinking. (Cherniss, 2000). Notwithstanding, there were analysts who perceived from the get-go that the non-subjective perspectives were additionally significant. For example, David Wechsler characterized knowledge as the total or worldwide limit of the person to act intentionally, to think reasonably, and to manage his condition (Wechsler, 1958) as refered to in (Cherniss, 2000). Wechsler alluded to non-intellectiveã‹å just as intellectiveã‹å by which he implied full of feeling, individual, and social variables. Wechsler was not by any means the only scientist who saw non-subjective parts of knowledge to be significant for adjustment and achievement. Robert Thorndike as refered to in (Cherniss, 2000), to take another model, was expounding on social intelligenceã‹å in the late thirties (Thorndike Stein, 1937). Lamentably, c rafted by these early pioneers was to a great extent overlooked or neglected until 1983 when Howard Gardner as refered to in (Cherniss, 2000), started to expound on various insight. Gardner (1983) recommended that intrapersonal and relational insights are as significant as the kind of knowledge normally estimated by IQ. Scholarly accomplishment is the capacity to investigate, integrate, and assess data, viably speak with others, capable in science, arithmetic, PC/specialized aptitudes, unknown dialects, just as history, topography, and worldwide mindfulness, prepared to do cooperatively working in socially assorted settings, pioneers who oversee undertakings to consummation, dependable leaders who are self-spurred and dynamic political members and moral people who are focused on their families, networks, and partners (Nidds McGerald, 1996). The relationship of enthusiastic insight and scholarly accomplishment can be delineated from this investigation directed by Elias, M. J., Gara, M., Schuyler, T., Brandon-Muller, L. R., Sayette, M. A (1991) that the training passionate and social abilities is significant at school, it can influence scholastic accomplishment decidedly during the year they are instructed, yet during the years that follow also. Instructing these abilities has a drawn out impact on accomplishment. Passionate insight impacts the scholastic accomplishment in positive manners and it stays with the person before the finish of life. The feelings, emotions, and qualities are fundamental for a people prosperity and accomplishment throughout everyday life (Ediger, 1997). Quality feelings and sentiments assist understudies with giving their best potential in the study hall. The understudies who are aversive and think contrarily can't focus for quite a while and have more trouble in arriving at their potential than others. Abdullah, Maria., Chong., Elias, Habibah., Mahyuddin., Rahil., Uli., Jegak (2004) led research to analyze understudies by and large degree of EQ. Research discoveries show that there is sure connection among EQ and scholarly accomplishment. The understudies positive relationship with scholastic accomplishment demonstrated that on the off chance that the understudy performed better on his/her scholastics then he/she will be sincerely insightful as well. Furthermore, the other finding of this investigation is the understudies have negative relationship of EQ with the negative effect (outrage, disappointment and uneasiness) which demonstrated that the understudies with high EQ have low negative effect or negative relationship with negative effect (outrage, dissatisfaction and tension). Natalio. E. A., Durã ¡n, L. R (2006) analyzed the connections between saw enthusiastic knowledge (PEI), dispositional positive thinking/cynicism and mental alteration (saw pressure and life fulfillment. Discoveries affirmed that passionate clearness and state of mind fix are huge in anticipating seen pressure and life fulfillment after the impact of positive thinking/cynicism were controlled. Accordingly this exploration anticipated that teenagers with high impression of passionate capacities (specifically, high clearness and fix) for the most part show higher life fulfillment and lower apparent pressure. Also, somewhat, this impact may be considered as autonomous from their own idealistic or skeptical auras. James, D. A., Parker, R. E., Creque, D. L., Barnhart, J. I., Harris, S. A., Majeski, L. M. (2004) found the connection between enthusiastic knowledge and scholastic accomplishment in secondary school Trent college Peterborough. Factors were looked at in (exceptionally effective understudies, respectably fruitful, and less effective dependent on grade-point-normal for the year), scholarly achievement was firmly connected with a few components of enthusiastic insight. Taking into account that EI can be a potential determinant of accomplishment in working life, therefore the examination expects to decide whether there is any huge distinction in EI of the nearby and remote understudies, if the passionate insight impact the scholastic accomplishment and it likewise varies in neighborhood and outside understudies. This investigation uncovers that individuals be assessed on their own value of passionate insight rather their scholarly achievement (James Irene, 2003). Experimental research has created proof proposing that the capacity to evaluate

Culture and It’s Elements Essay

Culture (Latin: cultura, lit. â€Å"cultivation†)[1] is an advanced idea dependent on a term originally utilized in old style artifact by the Roman speaker, Cicero: â€Å"cultura animi†. The term â€Å"culture† showed up first in quite a while current sense in Europe in the eighteenth and nineteenth hundreds of years, to imply a procedure of development or improvement, as in farming or agriculture. In the nineteenth century, the term created to allude first to the advancement or refinement of the individual, particularly through training, and afterward to the satisfaction of national goals or beliefs. In the mid-nineteenth century, a few researchers utilized the term â€Å"culture† to allude to an all inclusive human limit. For the German nonpositivist social scientist Georg Simmel, culture alluded to â€Å"the development of people through the office of outside structures which have been generalized throughout history†.[2] In the twentieth century, â€Å"culture† rose as a focal idea in human studies, enveloping the scope of human marvels that can't be credited to hereditary legacy. In particular, the term â€Å"culture† in American humanities had two implications: (1) the developed human ability to order and speak to encounters with images, and to act innovatively and inventively; and (2) the unmistakable ways that individuals living in various pieces of the world grouped and spoke to their encounters, and acted imaginatively. Differentiations are at present made between the physical antiques made by a general public, its supposed material culture and everything else,[3] the intangibles, for example, language, customs, and so forth that are the principle referent of the term â€Å"culture† SOCIAL ORGANIZATION  · Creates social structure by sorting out its individuals into little units to address fundamental issues.  · Family Patterns: family is the most significant unit of social association. Through the family kids figure out how they are relied upon to act and what to accept.  · Nuclear family: spouse, husband, kids. This is a run of the mill family in a modern culture (US).  · Extended family: Several ages living in one family, working and living respectively: grandparents, aunties and uncles, cousins. Regard for seniors is solid.  · Social classes: rank individuals arranged by status, contingent upon what is imperative to the way of life (cash, work, training, family line, and so forth.) CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS  · Rules of Behavior are authorized thoughts of good and bad. They can be customs, conventions, administers, or composed laws. RELIGION  · Answers fundamental inquiries regarding the importance of life.  · Supports esteems that gatherings of individuals feel are significant.  · Religion is regularly a wellspring of contention between societies.  · Monotheism is a faith in one god.  · Polytheism is a confidence in numerous divine beings.  · Atheism is a confidence in no divine beings. LANGUAGE  · Language is the foundation of culture.  · All societies have a communicated in language (regardless of whether there are no evolved types of composing).  · People who communicate in a similar language frequently share a similar culture.  · Many social orders incorporate countless individuals who communicate in various dialects.  · Each language can have a few unique lingos. Expressions AND LITERATURE  · They are the results of the human creative mind.  · They assist us with passing on the culture’s fundamental convictions.  · Examples: workmanship, music, writing, and society stories Types OF GOVERNMENT  · People structure governments to accommodate their regular needs, maintain control inside society, and shield their general public from outside dangers.  · Definition of government: 1. Individual/individuals who hold power in a general public; 2 Society’s laws and political establishments.  · Democracy: individuals have incomparable force, government acts by and with assent.  · Republic: individuals pick pioneers who speak to them.  · Dictatorship: ruler/bunch holds power forcibly normally depending on military help for power. Monetary SYSTEMS  · How individuals utilize constrained assets to fulfill their needs and needs.  · Answers the fundamental inquiries: what to deliver, how to create it, and for whom.  · Traditional Economy: individuals produce the majority of what they have to endure (chasing, gathering, cultivating, crowding cows, make own garments/apparatuses).  · Market Economy: purchasing and selling merchandise and ventures  · Command Economy: Government controls what/how products are created and what they cost. People have minimal financial force  · Mixed Economy: Individuals settle on some monetary choices and the administration makes others.

Mrs. Alving From Henrik Ibsens Ghosts

Henrik Ibsens play Ghosts is a three-act drama about a widowed mother and her prodigal son, who has returned to his dreary Norwegian home. The play was written in 1881, and the characters and setting reflect this era. The Basics The play focuses on the unraveling of family secrets. Specifically, Mrs. Alving has been hiding the truth about her late husbands corrupt character. When he was alive, Captain Alving enjoyed a benevolent reputation. But in reality, he was a drunkard and an adulterer—facts that Mrs. Alving kept hidden from the community as well as her adult son, Oswald. A Dutiful Mother Above all things, Mrs. Helene Alving wants happiness for her son. Whether or not she has been a good mother depends upon the readers point of view. Here are some of her life events before the play begins: Tired of the Captains drunkenness, Mrs. Alving temporarily left her husband.She hoped to be romantically embraced by the towns local priest, Pastor Manders.Pastor Manders did not reciprocate her feelings; he sends Mrs. Alving back to her husband.When Oswald was young, Mrs. Alving sent her son to boarding school, shielding him from the true nature of his father. In addition to the above events, it can also be said that Mrs. Alving spoils Oswald. She praises his artistic talent, gives in to his desire for alcohol, and sides with her sons bohemian ideologies. During the plays last scene, Oswald (in a state of delirium brought on by his illness) asks his mother for the sun, a childhood request which Mrs. Alving had somehow hoped to fulfill (by bringing happiness and sunshine into his world instead of despair). In the final moments of the play, Oswald is in a vegetative state. Although he has asked his mother to deliver a fatal dose of morphine pills, it is uncertain whether Mrs. Alving will adhere to her promise. The curtain falls while she is paralyzed with fear, grief, and indecision. Mrs. Alvings Beliefs Like Oswald, she believes that many of societys church-driven expectations are counterproductive to achieving happiness. For example, when she discovers that her son has a romantic interest in his half-sister, Regina, Mrs. Alving wishes she had the courage to allow the relationship. And lets not forget, in her younger days, desired to have an affair with a member of the clergy. Many of her tendencies are highly unorthodox—even by todays standards. It is important to note, however, that Mrs. Alving did not follow through on either impulse. In Act Three, she tells her son the truth about Regina—thus preventing a potentially incestuous relationship. Her awkward friendship with Pastor Manders reveals that Mrs. Alving not only accepted his rejection; she also does her best to live up to societys expectations by continuing the facade that her feelings are purely platonic. When she tells the pastor: I should like to kiss you, this could be seen as a harmless quip or (perhaps more likely) a sign that her passionate feelings still smolder beneath her proper exterior.

Religious References in Shakespeare Plays - 2707 Words

William Shakespeare’s plays take place in a variety of settings- from early modern England to distant, otherworldly islands. They address a multitude of topics ranging from love to politics, which were often relevant to current events of the time, such as colonization or the Protestant Reformation. This social and political commentary, cleverly masked so as to avoid censorship and create humor, has become a topic of interest for literary and historical scholars alike. Shakespeare’s use of symbolism and metaphor is still very open for interpretation, and leads many conversations regarding his work. Specifically, his use of Christian themes and ideas in non-Christian settings, such as the island in The Tempest or Rome in Titus Andronicus, is interesting with regards to life in England at the time, as well as in the rest of the world. While some of these references may have gone over the heads of his audiences, many of them certainly did not, and as a result, we can look t o them for an accurate representation of the religious, political, and social climates in Elizabethan England. In order to better understand the significance of any references within Shakespeare’s works, as well as to how they were applicable to life in sixteenth century England, one must first have a fundamental grasp on the general atmosphere of the time with regards to issues such as religion and politics. Remarkably different from most Christian churches today, the sixteenth century Church of EnglandShow MoreRelatedReligion in Hamlet Essay1149 Words   |  5 Pagesfamous tragedies William Shakespeare has ever written. Found throughout Shakespeare’s tragedy are many religious references. 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During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, England enjoyed a time of prosperity and stability that ledRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare: Greatest Playwright of All1568 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare: Greatest Playwright of All William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was a British poet and playwright, he was well known as the greatest writer of all time, he was often called the Bard of Avon.Although many facts of his life remain unknown, his poems and plays are unique and have timeless theme that touch everyone’s heart, and are still widely studied and performed in today’s society. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, England enjoyed a time of prosperity and stability that ledRead MoreThe Elizabethan Age: Is There a History Behind the Theater? Essay examples1668 Words   |  7 Pagespoetry and other forms of literature, as well as growth in humanism and significantly the birth of professional theater in England. This period embodies the work of Sir Philip Sidney, Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe, the well-known, William Shakespeare, and various other writers. Literary expression was an important part of the Elizabethan era, in which a variety of themes and outlines endured while others seemed to fade or darken. This was a time where national pride to influenced contemporaryRead More Essay on Religion in the Works of William Shakespeare1720 Words   |  7 PagesWorks of Shakespeare       The purpose of this essay is to explore the religious nature of William Shakespeares plays. This essay covers three topics surrounding Shakespeares work: the religious climate of 16th Century England, Shakespeares upbringing (school, parents, Stratford itself), and a brief introduction into the impact his society and upbringing had upon his work.    I. THE RELIGIOUS CLIMATE OF 16TH CENTURY ENGLAND    In order to understand the religious content inRead MoreEssay on King Lear is a Christian Play About a Pagan World1184 Words   |  5 PagesKing Lear is a Christian Play About a Pagan World It is evident that King Lear contains references to both the Christian and Pagan doctrine. However, they seem to be expressed in entirely different styles. King Lear is purposefully set in a pre Christian era with numerous references to classical Gods but conversely there appears to be a striking resonance of Christian theology throughout the play. These echoes appear in various forms including the idea of Edgar beingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Elizabethan Era And Shakespeares Hamlet807 Words   |  4 Pagesthe plot of the play. Written during the Elizabethan era, Shakespeare incorporates aspects of that time in order to engage the audience. 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The Inborn Names Of The Morongo Reservation - 1437 Words

Set at the extremity of the striking San Gorgonio and San Jacinto Mountains, the Morongo Indian Reservation extends more than 35,000 acres and overlooks the desert vistas of the Banning Pass. Wild buckwheat, mesquite and chaparral still flourish here, and the ubiquitous breeze ensures that the air is always fresh and clear. One of the inborn names of the Morongo Reservation was Malki, and it was located in what was once called the Wanikik territory. In the mid-19th century, the Serrano people to the north began journeying to the Malki settlement. They brought with them the Morongo name derivative from the Serrano name for their people, Maringayam. Since the late 19th century, the Morongo Reservation has been tenanted by a mix of Cahuilla, Serrano, Luiseno and Cupeno people. Irrepressible and ingenious, the Morongo tribe has overcome many hardships. The Morongo Reservation was one of nine small reservations set aside by President Grant by Executive Order in 1865. The lands taken into trust by the federal government did not include land with access to surface water. Accordingly, tribal members had to travel miles each day just to acquire water and to forage for food. Through their industriousness and capability to survive in an unstable physical and political environment, the Morongo tribe began a small bingo venture in 1983. On February 25, 1987, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that neither the state of California nor Riverside County could control the bingo and card

Sophocles Oedipus Rex Essay Example For Students

Sophocles Oedipus Rex Essay Sophocles Oedipus Rex is a tragic tale of a fated boy who goes on the path from noble king to lowly beggar through a combination of tragic circumstances and personal flaw. Oedipus is a man of high standing socially, intellectually and morally, but is arrogant enough to think that he can solve the riddle of the murderer of Laius by himself. Whilst trying to untie the puzzle, he ends up pulling apart his own life and security. His actions regarding the pursuit of truth show that he is a tragic hero, because he has combination of good intentions for fervent pursuit of a noble ideal, but at huge personal cost. It can be argued that his ultimate downfall is either his own fault for being so arrogant and blind, or that it was a noble pursuit which had an inevitable but tragic outcome. Oedipus past is truly an intriguing predicament, which, with the sparking of certain events, cannot be left dormant. His own past is a result of his and his parents actions. He is cast out of his home by his parents after his terrible prophecy is given, and he leaves Corinth after he is told of his own fate, only to fulfil it later. Their determination to defeat fate is the cause of their ultimate downfall, and they are the very reason his past is so clouded and obscured. When the ball begins to unravel, Oedipus finds himself driven more and more to uncover his complicated past, and this pursuit, despite being told by many to stop, causes his downfall. Oedipus flaws seem to be the driving force behind his actions, and his inability to accept deception is admirable but dangerous. Oedipus fate can be argued to be entirely his own fault. He is arrogant and tyrannical in his relentless search, and in refusing to heed warnings, he brings it upon himself. Dangerous actions bring terrible consequences, and refusing to live in blindness is a very dangerous thing, though morally it may be admirable and sought after. Even before the search begins, his previous actions have exaggerated the magnitude of the final outcome. He and his parents set up a complicated predicament through their stubbornness to defeat prophecy. In many ways, if they had not fought the prophecy and had kept their child close, the whole situation would not have been quite as atrocious and traumatic. Later, Oedipus misunderstanding of the prophecy and his lineage, and the actions he takes against these assumptions cause a few problems. Firstly, he banishes himself from his one true home, bringing him closer to his real parents, and secondly, he condemns himself to be banished from Thebes under his own law. These actions were made in careless blindness and impulsive reasoning, and are thus the fault of none other than himself. With this self-constructed, intricately thatched mess of a story, unravelling is a tedious, painful, and dangerous process, and even in this light, Oedipus persists in destroying his comfortable place in society. Thus, Oedipus pursuit of the truth in this particular circumstance is not noble, but arrogant and blind. In refusing to heed the warnings and accept his current life, he causes his own downfall, and the haughty, tyrannical nature of his hunt is brutal and self-destructive. However, despite being too hasty in his search, his pursuit is noble in nature. Though he does not feel the ramifications until the very end, he is constantly aware that carrying on with the search could be dangerous. Though on the surface and to outside interpretation, the actions appear brash, but such courageousness in the face of adversary is truly admirable in nature. .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 , .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 .postImageUrl , .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 , .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030:hover , .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030:visited , .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030:active { border:0!important; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030:active , .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030 .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u626e8d64e700d8e7cc6f794908f89030:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Paradox of the settings: St. Petersburg the Siberian Prison in Crime Punishment EssayHis high moral standings are evident throughout the play, especially at the end when the curse is finally revealed and he is presented with the problem of upholding the law and accepting the punishment. Not only does he banish himself, but he removes his eyes and absolves himself from the human world. Living in agony as opposed to dying in peace, he not only accepts the punishment, but takes it further, seeing himself as the ultimate crime upon humanity. This shows the epitome of his moral strength and clarity. It is visible that all of his actions are primarily driven by strong ethical grounding, and that the pursuit itself is a very noble and right-minded. Truth is desired by all, though few uphold and pursue it. Oedipus pursues it vigorously, despite it being the ultimate threat. Oedipus actions are noble in nature but arrogant in action. They show that the pursuit of truth is dangerous and difficult, often with disastrous outcomes, but necessary and, above all, noble. Without the few people like Oedipus in society, all would be blind to the truth.

Cultural Biography Essay Example

Cultural Biography Essay Cultural backgrounds can change the way we define ourselves, other people, and all other things. Cultural backgrounds can shape how we view the world, and must be taken into account when teaching students of different backgrounds in our classrooms. I will define my own cultural background and how it affects me, and then I interviewed someone, Curtis from (and currently resides) Chicago, from a complete different background. Class and was made up of 3 brothers and 2 sisters. Put a lot of emphasis on class when thinking of my background and how prepared I have been for things in life. Usually this indicates that I am less aware of class; but since I have already gotten my bachelors in Sociology, I have studied class and am very aware of differences in class and how they can help or handicap an individual. Also, historically, students from middle class have a good work ethic with confidence in academics. Because of this I am more able to work to get things I want. Curtis Is from a lower class family, mom was a single parent, where he has 2 sisters. He puts a whole lot of emphasis on his class and believes it to be a huge disadvantage. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Biography specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Biography specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Biography specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Like most people from lower class backgrounds, he believes that he is not capable of getting good grades and getting a better (higher paying) job than his mom. Although he says he that much lower class, but he feels disadvantage, which has subsequently turned him to being paranoid of the government. He Is very liberal In his belief system due to this. When teaching I will need to make sure and instill confidence In all my students, teach them that they can achieve anything and everything with hard work. I am Irish American. I feel that this is important what so ever in my ultra background. I even really know what I was until asked my parents. Curtis is African American. He feels that this, along with class, is the most important foundation of his cultural background. He feels that you help these two, yet these can Impair or help you. Race, however, we both feel has no factor in either of our cultural backgrounds, or with the way we perceive the world, and neither one of us had anyone in the family with disabilities. All of these will be important in the classroom, depending on how important it is to each individual student. Language can be different due to any or all of the factors already mentioned; however, myself and Curtis both speak English even though we have very dissimilar backgrounds. Language Is not Important, In me and eyes, because we live in a society where this is the only official language, so there is no need to speak anything else. Some students speak English or it is their second language. These students will need special attention and methods in order to help them learn at the same pace and level in my classroom. Both our ages are twenty three. We both feel this is very important In our Docudramas, Owe to Tie experiences Ana experiences Walt toner cultures. Tater Down of us attending college and meeting a lot more people with a lot different backgrounds than our own, it has opened our eyes (so to speak). Life experiences are an essential part in the learning process. When teaching you must use methods that relate to your students; therefore, age would be crucial when trying to relate material to a everyday life. I grew up Catholic. My dad was Protestant, while my mom was Catholic. Religion was more important to my mother so we went to a Catholic church every Sunday. As much as a hate to say it, religion was Just not a factor at all in my cultural background. To tell you the truth I think religion is based on an already instilled cultural background and it only refines or defines existing culture. I really base anything I do on religion and actually have come to look at it sociologically. One of my favorite quotes: God did not exist, it would be necessary to invent him?C,-1?0 (Voltaire). Now this mean I don? believe in God, but it still rings very very true. I think religion has shaped me at all. Curtis, on the other hand, believes his religion has a little more relevance to his cultural background. He grew up Christian until his switch to Islam in high school, or at least that he now considers himself Muslim. When talking about his religion it seemed he know much about religion really, why he made this switch I know. The switch most likely was due to peers and his paranoia of the government. I would say he is very anti- establishment. So he says that it is moderately important, but I believe that it has that much of to do with his cultural background. It is very important not to ring religion into the classroom, but it does not mean you should not be aware of your religious beliefs (especially if they were that important). As you can see there are many differences in backgrounds and how backgrounds shape them. Subsequently, teachers must make sure to take these things into account when trying to effectively teach students in public schools. Our country is becoming more diverse as the years go on, only adding to why we must do this and come up with better, and more effective, methods of teaching. We must not leave students from different backgrounds behind.

An exploration of the reason organisations adopt information systems strategy The WritePass Journal

An exploration of the reason organisations adopt information systems strategy INTRODUCTION An exploration of the reason organisations adopt information systems strategy INTRODUCTIONINFORMATION SYSTEM STRATEGYREASONS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM STRATEGY1. Operational excellence2. New products and services3. Customer and supplier Intimacy4. Competitive Advantage4.1) Porter’s Competitive Forces Model1. Rivalry among existing firm2. New Entrants in market3. Substitute Products and Services4. Customer’s power5. Supplier’s Powers4.2) Porter’s Generic theory 1. Cost Leadership2. Product Differentiation3. FocusMultiple Methodology FrameworksTop-downBottom-upInside-OutFlaws in Earl’s MethodologiesExternal Drivers that Influence IS Strategy1. Competition1.1)   YANSHA Leans on IS to Stay Competitive2. Deregulation2.1) 7-Eleven Japan Company3. Changing nature of Customer3.1) KROGER COMPANY3.2) BARNEYS NEW YORK4. Emerging technologies4.1)   Sainsbury5. Transformation of Business Enterprise5.1)   World BankBibliographyRelated INTRODUCTION The information systems play a critical role in managing market logistics, especially computer, point-of-sale terminals, uniform product bar codes, satellite tracking, electronic data interchange EDI, and electronic funds transfer EFT, these developments have shortened the order-cycle time, reduced clerical labour, reduced the error rate in documents, and provided improved control of operations. They have enabled companies to make a promise such as â€Å"the product will be at dock 25 at 10:00 am tomorrow,† and control that promise through information. Keeping in view of above significance of information system, the report has been designed to explore and outlined the reason of organization adopting information system strategy and what is information system strategy. Also using multiple methodology frameworks that assist in devising IS strategy. At the end of this report the six external drivers are listed in connection with real world example to understand how they influenced on IS strategies. INFORMATION SYSTEM STRATEGY The definition of IS strategy is formulation of approaches and planning needed to deploy information systems resources to support organizational strategy. The definition of development of information systems strategy is usually encompasses the areas of how information systems will be used to support an organization’s strategy. Support means creation of strategic of IS with organization strategy. Impact implies a role for IS in generating opportunities for an organization to gain competitive advantage. A strategy which covers both these facets is that of Dohertty et 999), who describe IS strategy development as The IS strategy is a process of identifying a portfolio of computer-based to be implemented, which is both highly aligned with corporate strategy and create an advantage over competitors. An information systems strategy brings together the business aims and understanding of the information needed to support those aims, and the of computer systems to provide that information. Irrespective, of any definition the main theme of information system is to establish strategy to provide best and timely service to their consumers in order to increase the wealth of shareholders. The emphasis of information systems strategy is on delivering a portfolio of appropriate software tools and systems that support the future direction of an organization and achieve advantage for the organization (Strategic objectives). Furthermore, the IS strategy also determines the quality of services delivered end-users. (BODDY, BOONSTRA, KENNEDY, 2002) REASONS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM STRATEGY The reasons organization heavily invest to generate its information system is to achieve six important business objectives. These objectives can be outlined as Operational excellence New products/services Business model Customer and supplier intimacy Improved decision making Competitive advantage And survival 1. Operational excellence The ultimate objective of every organization is to maximize the wealth of shareholders. The information system provide efficient mean to optimize the production and operations capability for the business. Also some time it needs to change the way organization conducting its business and management attitude. There are many success stories of those who plan strategically to implement information system and bring fundamental results due to this implementation. For example, Wal-Mart being as a largest retailer gains sales more than $348 billion in sales during 2007, which was 1/10 of total retail sales in US. The Wal-Mart achieved that hallmark by linking digitally its retail store system with the suppliers, so when the customer purchased items, the bar code link identified the suppliers about outflow and demand of certain product and suppliers timely replenish the stock. 2. New products and services The information system enables organization about the trend of new product or services. The demand can be evaluated of competitors product and then it is matched with the market to assess there is any need of copy cat product. Such as the music industry is no longer like it was in 2000. The exuberant demand permits the Apple Company to innovate new products with different styles. 3. Customer and supplier Intimacy The customers intimacy can be gauged by their frequency of repurchase, the often they come to buy the goods or receive the services the more they generate revenue for the organization. The suppliers relationship can be evaluated in the same way, if there are few suppliers and all are given confirm order or tie them with contract, the more they will deliver quality raw materials. Take the example of hotels business, they are using computers to keep track of guests preferences, such as their preferred room temperature, check in time, frequently dialled telephone numbers, and television programs, and store these data in a giant data repository, individual rooms in the hotels are networked to a central network server computer so that they can be remotely monitored or controlled. When these guests arrived to the hotel, the system automatically changes the room conditions, such as dimming the lights, setting the room temperature, or selecting appropriate music, based on the customer’s digital profile. Through, extensive use of IT, hotel can carry out their customer profitability analysis and can adequately determine those customers that are providing high revenue. 4. Competitive Advantage When organization outperform its competitors in terms of operation, new product development, services, and establishing business model, customer intimacy and last but not least in decision making process, then they are well ahead from their competitors. Through establishing IS strategy many organization prominently Toyota successfully eliminate waste, adopt continuous improvement, and optimizing customer value. The IS help to build effective supply and lean management system. Let discuss in detail that crucial aspect of IS strategy, The models which will help us to how to determine and evaluate of competitive advantage in terms of IS strategy’s are Porter’s Competitive Forces and Generic theory. 4.1) Porter’s Competitive Forces Model The most widely used mode for understanding competitive advantage is Michael Porter’s Competitive forces model. This model provides a general view of the firm, its competitors, and the firm environment. These are Rivalry among existing firm New Entrants in market Substitute product in market Supplier’s Power Buyer’s Power 1. Rivalry among existing firm All firms share market space with other competitors who are continuously devising new, more efficient ways to produce by introducing new products and services, and attempting to attract customers by developing their brands and imposing switching costs on their customers. 2. New Entrants in market The new arrival in market often gets kick start its business using several of IT and IS help. In mature market, when there is already fierce competition going on the tool that new entrants can use to get itself introduce to the customers are gaining economy of scale by spreading its fixed cost to the number of units or/and adopting learning curve. The state of the art designed IS can monitor the movement of learning curve that will help management in their decision making process. 3. Substitute Products and Services In a competitive market, there are several substitutes product each addressing different customers market need. New technologies create new substitutes all the time. To make the product more distinct and attractable organization need often to change its features and packaging to keep the product up to date. 4. Customer’s power The theory’s regarding customers retention has been getting enhanced day by day. The new theory related to customers are customer relationship management, which emphasis on keep the existing customers rather than deploying resources to attract the new one. In that sense, the power of the customer grows if they can easily switch to a competitor’s products and services, or if they can force a business and its competitors to compete on price alone in a transparent marketplace where there is little product differentiation, and all prices are known instantly through internet. 5. Supplier’s Powers The supplier’s power has huge impact on organization profitability. If there are few suppliers operating in the market the power of suppliers might be high and they would be in the position to convince the organization with their terms and condition. However, if there are many or diversified suppliers in the market, the greater control organization would have to exercise over suppliers in terms of price, quality, and delivery schedules. For instance, manufacturers of laptop PCs almost always have multiple competing suppliers of key components, such as keyboards, hard drives, and display screens. 4.2) Porter’s Generic theory There are four generic strategise, each of which often is enabled by using information technology and system: low-cost leadership, product differentiation, focus on market niche, and strengthening customer and supplier intimacy. These are Cost leadership Product leadership Focus 1. Cost Leadership The use of information system to achieve the lowest operational cost and lowest prices is goal of almost every organization. The classic example is Wal-Mart. By keeping prices low and shelves well stocked using a legendary inventory replenishment system, Wal-Mart became the leading retail business in the United States. Wal-Mart’s continuous replenishment system sends orders for new merchandise directly to suppliers as soon as consumers pay for their purchases at the cash register. Point-of-sale terminals record the bar code of each item passing the checkout counter and send a purchase transaction directly to a central computer at Wal-Mart headquarters. The computer collects the orders from all Wal-Mart stores and transmits them to suppliers. Suppliers can also access Wal-Mart’s sales and inventory data using web technology. Due to efficient use of IS by Wal-Mart they do not need to maintain large inventories of goods in its own warehouse, which cause greater cost of order and holding the inventories, because the system replenishes inventory with lightning speed. 2. Product Differentiation Those organizations that are charging high prices for their product need always modify their product to keep the product in the eyes of customers. For instance, Google continuously introduces new and unique search services on its web site, such as Google Maps. By purchasing PayPal, an elector nice payment system in 2003, eBay made it much easier for customers to pay sellers and expanded use of its auction marketplace. Apple created iPod, a unique portable digital music player, plus a unique online Web music service where songs can be purchased for 99 cents. Continuing to innovate, Apple recently introduced a portable iPod video player and music-playing cell phone. Manufacturers and retailers are starting to use information systems to create products and services that are customized and personalized to fit the precise specification of individual customers. Dell Inc. sells directly to customers using assemble-to-order manufacturing. Individuals, businesses, and government agencies can buy computers directly from Dell’s production control receives an order, it directs an assembly plant to assemble the computer using components from an on-site warehouse based on the configuration specified by the customer. 3. Focus Using information systems to enable a specific market focus, and serve this narrow target market better than competitors. Information systems support this strategy by producing and analyzing data for finely tuned sales and marketing techniques. Information system enable companies to analyze customer buying patterns, tastes and preferences closely so that they efficiently pitch advertising and marketing campaigns to smaller and smaller target markets. The data come from a range of sources-credit card transaction, demographic data purchase data from checkout counter scanners at supermarkets and retail stores, and data collected when people access and interact with Web sites. Sophisticated software tools find patterns in these large pools of data and infer rules from them that can be used to guide decision making. Analysis of such data drives one-to-one marketing where personal messages can be created based on individualized preference. For example, Hilton Hotels OnQ system analyzes detailed data collected on active guests in all of its properties determine the preferences of each guest and each guest’s profitability. (LAUDON, LAUDON, 2009) Multiple Methodology Frameworks Earl methodology has been regarded as most influential methodologies for developing information systems strategies. According to this work, IT offers major new business opportunities by improving productivity and performance, developing new businesses and enabling companies to gain competitive advantage. The key ideological stance taken by Earl is based not on internal but external or outward looking activities so that business objectives can be met fully. Earl pioneered a multiple methodology with three approaches (top-down, bottom-up and inside-out) Top-down Top down is concerned with identifying and agreeing business objectives and the drivers of business value through interviews, debates, existing business strategy and policies. Critical success factors (CSFs) are then developed for areas where success is necessary for survival, and subsequently information systems that support/enable/deliver these CSFs need to found. Bottom-up Bottom-up is about exploring what currently exist in terms of hardware, software, IT and IS applications and determining their functions, and how they work and add value. This activity concerns itself with understanding what systems currently exist and in establishing what needs to exist in the light of company strategic needs. This activity also requires and understanding of any capacity limits or constraints of current systems, which might act as a barrier to future needs. Inside-Out Inside-out is about being innovative and finding novel ways of giving the business an advantage. Usually, this needs strategic thinking into state of the art knowledge of other sectors/companies and spotting potential technologies or application of technologies, which will be ground-breaking in the near future. Benchmarking techniques are sometimes useful to highlight where an organization is falling short or has the opportunity to outperform its competitors. Earl suggests that both top-down and bottom-up methods should be used for IT/IS strategic planning and alignment since this gives a comprehensive overview of the situation from all angles. Accordingly, the top-down methods should be used to clarify business strategies and needs as well as the potential contribution of IT application. This should result in the alignment of IT and IS investment with business needs. Bottom-up methods should be used to discover gaps and map where an enterprise is in IS terms of its IT applications and where it needs to develop to meet the business strategy. The result should be improved specialist-user relationships and knowledge of where IT is important for competitive functioning. The third part of the methodology is termed ‘inside-out’ and implies designing an organizational and technological environment, which enables innovations to happen, thus making it possible to gain competitive advantages from IT/IS. Flaws in Earl’s Methodologies While Earl’s model is still relevant it does have a number of flaws: There is an assumption that because senior management are thinking about the strategic use of IT and IS and their alignment that this view and stance is good for everyone (throughout the enterprise), which may or may not be the case. The model lacks the ability to chart or predict future technologies and their potential impact on the business. The model is based on a rational and economic-based manager (Whittington, 1993),   who traditionally make decisions by analysing all the facts rather than taking into account more social, cultural, politically charged agendas, which can be entitled ‘social’ reasons and ‘gut feeling’ to decisions-making. Finally, Earl’s model does not take into account group and individual interactions and how this social networking is important is determining how things happen in business life. Since the development of Earl’s methodology other frameworks have evolved. A number of them have integrated principles and issues highlighted by Earl but have been modified to address some of the weakness of the Earl’s model. (GRANT, HACKNEY, EDGAR, 2010) External Drivers that Influence IS Strategy The following are the external drivers that have potential impact while formulating Information strategy and need to be adequately take into accounts. Transformation of the business enterprise Emergence of the global economy Transformation of industrial economies Competition De-regulation Emerging technologies Changing nature of the customer Environmental and conservation issues The value of intellectual assets 1. Competition Adopting Information System brings fundamental improvement inside and outside operation of organization. The organization added value in its activities by involving the IS across its department. The IS allow firms to understand and make better their supply chain, lean management, and value chain and eliminate all those wastes that do not give any margin to the company. Some of example of adopting Information system is given below. 1.1)   YANSHA Leans on IS to Stay Competitive YANSHA is one of China’s biggest retailers. It sells upscale designer clothes from around the world along with other line merchandise. One of its largest retail stores occupies 215,000 square feet in Beijing’s famous YOUYI Shopping City. YANSHA has long experienced market leadership in china, but in recent years has felt increasing completion from international companies. YANSHA’S management team was aware that its methods of communication with suppliers-the placing and receiving of orders-were less than efficient. It was also aware of other inefficiencies in communication throughout the organization. For YANSHA TO maintain its leadership role in the market, it would need to cut the waste and become lean and mean in its application of information systems technology. YANSHA turned to IBM China Research Lab to evaluate its information systems and recommend the latest technologies to bring it up to date. IBM implemented a massive system upgrade across the entire enterprise: an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. The ERP allows YANSHA executives and managers to view real-time performance date, such as sales across all location, in certain regions, or in one particular store. Using this system, managers could, for example, determine the success of a particular marketing approach. The new ERP interfaces with a new supply chain management (SCM) system that provides close communication between YANSHA and its suppliers. These two systems working together, the ERP system and SCM system, allow organization. The new systems required a substantial investment of time and money for YANSHA, but the benefits have vastly overshadowed the costs. The new systems reduced the time it takes for suppliers to ship merchandise to YANSHA (order lead time) from 2.5 days to 4.5 hours. The order acknowledgment rate has increased from 80 percent to 99 percent. Order errors have been reduced from 9 percent to 1 percent. The money saved by YANSHA receiving the right merchandise at the right time has saved the company enough money to pay for its expensive new information systems within nine months of rolling them out. Achieving a return on investment (ROI) in such a short time is something any chief information officer (CIO) would be proud of. 2. Deregulation Deregulation can be defined as when Government cease to act as a controller over the industries and permit maximum liberty of the operation in market is called Deregulation. The use of IS in case of deregulation become vital because the connection with suppliers crossing the boundaries and new frontier develop which bring competitive edge to the firms. One of example in such situation is 2.1) 7-Eleven Japan Company In 1996 the Japanese Industries witnessed major deregulation in sales of stamps, postcards and revenue stamps and it is become possible at convenience stores. 7-Eleven Japan recorded sales figures equivalent to 9 billion yen in this area in 1996. Stamps and other products that customers frequently request contribute to increased store loyalty from customers even through the products themselves have low profit margins. In 1997 deregulation occurred in the travel industry. In 1998, the medical supplies and finance industries were deregulated and many other areas will also be affected. 7-Eleven Japan invested approximately 4 billion yen in the construction of large-sized refrigeration boxes for ice cream in 1994 and installed them in all of its chain stores. It is quite natural that ice cream sells well in summer time. However, 7-Eleven Japan recorded more than a two-fold increase in ice cream sales in comparison with the previous year. The refrigeration box was placed in the centre of the store where five gondolas used to be stationed. This was a drastic and innovative use of space as convenience stores have a limited space. Morinaga Milk industry Co. Ltd, Morinaga and Company Ltd, Snow Brand Milk Products Co, Ltd AKAGI NYUGYO, and HAGEN DAAS were the main suppliers. Until then, ice cream was mainly produced in the winter season and prepared for the concentration of sales in summer. However, manufacturers were unable to respond quickly to the change in the market. It was not possible to increase the production of popular ice cream because it would only build up inventory volume. Therefore, 7-Eleven Japan established a system to sell ice cream within 10 days after placing orders. The features of the system are as follows; On-line transmission of order information and inventory volume of the store directly to producers Manufacturers produce based on this information and store them in a storage facility especially prepared for 7-Eleven Japan The exact quantity required is delivered to the joint delivery centre for frozen products Form this centre, products are delivered to the stores In this way, 7-Eleven Japan has constructed a consistent production, distribution, and sales system for ice cream products. Thus, it became possible for the store to sell very fresh ice cream throughout the year. In addition, 7-Eleven Japan tied up with Morinaga Milk industry Co. Ltd Morinaga Company, ltd and AKAGI NYUGYOU for the development of new products and has developed new types of ice cream that satisfied customers’ needs. This is an excellent reflection of 7-Eleven Japan’s attitude towards â€Å"taste† and â€Å"freshness†, 7-Eleven Japan Attaches importance to the â€Å"un-learning effect†, something that breaks away from the existing concept. This is why it could carry out a very drastic innovation in order to sell â€Å"summer products during the winter season†. (ISHIKAWA, NEJO, 1998) 3. Changing nature of Customer The information system has been rigorously used to understand need and demand of customers in order to build stable relationship with them. A satisfied customer tends to remain a customer, and it is less costly to retain existing customers than to attract new ones. Therefore, the Information System helps to track down profiles of profitable customers to exceed revenue by continuously temping them. The process include compile the data of customers like Where the customers are located? What items are in demand? What is the revenue by customer and item in terms of an ABC ANALYSIS? What are the sales patterns and the sizes of orders? A sound database will enable organizations to manage costs, increase profits and make informed decisions about what to put on shelves. No manager ever has all the information needed to make a perfect decision, but having an adequate source of accurate information will improve the quality of decision. 3.1) KROGER COMPANY 3.2) BARNEYS NEW YORK Barneys New York, the upscale clothing store chain, reports a 10 percent increase in online revenue by using data mining software that finds links between online behaviour and greater propensity to buy. Barneys uses a system from proclivity systems to analyze data about when a customer visits its site and other demographic information to determine on whom it should focus its e-mail messages. For example, an email message announcing a sale might be send to those who had purchased certain products in the past but only when the items were on sale. This has not only increased sales but has increased customer goodwill by showing that Barneys understands its clientele’s interest. (GELINAS, DULL, 2010) 4. Emerging technologies The large supermarkets are extensively using information system to reduce their cost. They are acquiring sophisticated and state of the art technologies to evaluate the customer demand. The sensor machine on doors protect the shop to be stolen the goods. Also bar code or tag on the cloth helps organization to evaluate the demand of the product and link that technology with the Information system, which later send information to the supplier to replenish the particular stock in store. 4.1)   Sainsbury Since 1989, Sainsbury has implemented a high-tech information system that has halved the average time it takes to get a product from the supplier to the consumer. The impact has not only been on the Sainsbury organization, but also on other organizations within the retail food supply chain. According to Angus Clark, the Sainsbury director responsible for systems and distribution, bar-code scanning at the checkout counters has changed the whole supply-chain operation from a â€Å"push† system to a â€Å"pull† system. Historically, forecasts dictated what was pushed down the supply chain to each retail outlet. But scanning has allowed Sainsbury to capture demand data the instant a sale in made. Now, production and distribution can be calibrated to levels of real demand. (STAHL, GRIGSBY, 1997) 5. Transformation of Business Enterprise Organization structure refers to organizational subunits and the way they relate to the overall organization. An organization’s structure depends on its goals and approach to management, and can affect how it views and uses information systems. The types of organizational structures typically include traditional, project, team and virtual. Organizational structure can have a direct impact on the organization’s information system. 5.1)   World Bank World Bank is two financial institutions owned by 185 member countries. In recent years, the World Bank has suffered from front page scandal’s regarding suspected improprieties with its senior-level officials. In 2007, World Bank president Paul WOLLOWITZ was pressured to resign, and in 2005, vice president and CIO Mohammad Muhsin retired under a cloud of suspicion. However, while the press and the world were focused on corruption in the World Bank, some very positive developments were taking place with World Bank infrastructure and information systems that went relatively unnoticed. The World Bank has traditionally been run as a top-down hierarchy, which is a traditional organizational structure. In recent years, through the use of global information systems, the World Bank has transformed into a decentralized, front-line, matrix organization,† observes a recent article in Baseline magazine. Rather than controlling information systems from the top, the World Bank has been investing to empower its clients with the information systems they need locally to participate in the global economy. (STAIR, REYNOLDS, REYNOLDS, 2010) Bibliography Book References DAVID BODDY, ALBERT BOONSTRA, GRAHAM KENNEDY (2002), â€Å"MANAGING INFORMATION SYSTEM: STRATEGY AND ORGANIZATION†, 4TH ED PG 312-314: PEARSON EDUCATION LTD KENNETH C. LAUDON, JANE P. LAUDON (2009), â€Å"ESSENTIALS OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS†, 8TH ED PG 6-22: PEARSON EDUCATION LTD KEVIN GRANT, RAY HACKNEY, DAVID EDGAR (2010), â€Å"STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT† 1ST ED PG 119: CENGAGE LEARNING EMEA AKIRA ISHIKAWA, TAI NEJO (1998), â€Å"THE SUCCESS OF 7-ELEVEN JAPAN: DISCOVERING THE SECRETS OF THE WORLD’S BEST CONVENIENCE CHAIN STORES† 1ST ED. PG 46-48: SEBEN-IREBUN DAKEGA NAZETSUYOI ULRIC J. GELINAS, RICHARD B. DULL (2010), â€Å"ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS 8e†: 1ST ED, PG 345-346, SOUTH-WESTERN CENGAGE LEARNING MICHAEL J. STAHL, DAVID W. GRIGSBY (1997), â€Å"STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: TOTAL QUALITY AND GLOBAL COMPETITION† 1ST ED, PG 243, BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS LTD RALPH M. STAIR, GEORGE REYNOLDS, GEORGE W. REYNOLDS (2010), â€Å"PRINCIPLES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS†, 1ST ED, PG 48: CENGAGE LEARNING

British American Tobacco Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

British American Tobacco - Coursework Example A negative externality is generated by an action when it imposes a cost on someone else who had no control over the action. Types of externalities. The common externality attributed to cigarette smoking is the economic cost of health care to non-smokers as well as to smokers themselves. Another externality is the health effects of environmental smoke to non smokers and to their families. Report of CDC (2010) said that premature deaths and smoke related diseases in nonsmokers were caused by second hand smoke. Smoking also pollutes the air environment, the lands, and water. Air is polluted by chemicals in the cigarette which is breathed out, cigarette butts end in the grounds and inevitably flushed in the water. The costs related to health maintenance and cleaning of the environment are negative externalities attributed to cigarette and tobacco. 2. Production process and what type of externalities are produced in each process Tobacco production starts with purchase of about 400,000 ton s of tobacco leaf yearly from farmers coming from the emerging economies. Negative externalities in tobacco production are: ground water pollution from fertilizer use, deforestation, food contamination and farm worker exposure to toxic chemicals from pesticide use, water and energy use, and fires caused by cigarette smoking. A positive externality is also produced such as social cost that includes income benefits to agriculture, farmers and families and competitive advantage of production of emerging countries. The second process in cigarette and tobacco production is the manufacturing process done through 50 factories in 41 countries. Once the processed leaf arrives at the factory, it is checked for quality and blending, and the rest of the activity are fully automated and no longer done by hand. Quality control is top priority and tracking of production is done by computers (BAT). As new technology is introduced in the manufacturing process, reduction of employment is necessary an d some machines are rendered obsolete. Negative externality produced in the manufacturing is the loss of income due to cost reduction of the company and the cost of machines that have to be destroyed. Policy of BAT is to destroy old machines to prohibit counterfeit of cigarettes. 3. How does government try to control externalities? Government tries to control externalities of tobacco and cigarette consumption thru policies and regulations. Government uses production taxes, consumption taxes, restriction, quota and subsidies to agricultural products. The government is often called upon to intervene in the market to resolve externality problems. Government agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency are established to set and enforce air quality standards, and taxes are imposed to obtain fund to pay for external costs or subsidize external benefits. The United States has imposed an increase of excise tax that took effect July, 2010, with some states charging low, and others t oo high (NCSL, 2010). 4. Are the externalities controlled effectively? Are there other ways other externality could be? controlled. Under an unregulated market where there is no control, firms maximize their profits, but subsequent problems arise due to externalities. Under this condition, government intervention is needed to bring back

CAPITAL INVESTMENT ANALYSIS - TWIN FALLS HOSPITAL Article

CAPITAL INVESTMENT ANALYSIS - TWIN FALLS HOSPITAL - Article Example Reduction in the sales would require a strategy to increase their revenues - setting up an outpatient centre so as to increase the revenues earned. If the hospital opened a centre for outpatient surgeries, they would help increase the revenues. This would create a balance as the inpatient surgeries earned the community hospital less revenue and the outpatient surgeries would bring in more revenue. (Muth, 2002). To avoid competition, it was advisable to market their outpatient centre and ensure that all their patients realized that they now conducted outpatient surgeries so that all people in the area could visit the community hospital more than other hospitals in the area. This would lead to an increase in total net income for the hospital a they marketed their new centre. If the community hospital invested in the total amount put in, as shown above, due to fluctuations in the prices of equipment each year, they would expect $11,223,557.62 if they increased the amount at rate of 3% per year due to irregularities. The best they could get from the invested amount per year if the rate increased the same way would be $11,483,660.76. The worst case if the rate of income due to irregularities became lower at the same rate per year would be $9,591,959.65. The worst scenario in the analysis above would help the community hospital to gauge whether or not they were willing to bear the risks from the invested amount. The worst case would happen if there were other hospitals in the area that offered more quality services for their outpatient surgeries thus posing great competition for Twin Falls. Another loss would occur if the prices of equipment increased at a very high rate in a year thus leading to more charges for everything they require to purchase. Also, if the market of outpatient surgeries decreased over the years, which was very unlikely, they would have the worst case scenario. The worst case scenario analysis would enable the hospital

Killing a whole family Essay Example for Free

Killing a whole family Essay Rodolfo again faces Eddies angry side, which asks him to get out of his house. But Rodolfo has nothing to do with him and is more concerned of the arrival of Marco, which could lead to sparks flying between his brother and Eddie. He calls out to Catherine to leave now, while Beatrice suggests to Eddie to leave the house and go somewhere else. But Eddie refuses to move as this was his house, and now Beatrice is totally fed up with his behaviour and asks him that why he hates Marco now. Eddie refers to the time when Marco called him a rat and claimed that he had killed his children, which he says caused such hatred. Now Rodolfo tries to make things better by apologizing from his brothers behalf and he takes all the troubles and brings up the comradeship. But Eddie still sticks with his claim that Marco stole his name and asks Rodolfo to tell him to give it back in front of the whole neighbourhood. Eddie feels that this explanation isnt enough, now Beatrice can no longer hold the truth. She knows what Eddie wants, and in front of everyone and the arriving Marco, she says you can never have her. Beatrice asks Eddie to bid farewell to his niece forever, and that truth is not as bad as blood. Catherine is shocked, Eddie I horrified and [clenching his fists] he denies having such thoughts and asks Beatrice what made her think like that. Marco now calls out for Eddie and Eddies attention is diverted as he steps out of the apartment to challenge Marco. Rodolfo pleads them to stop and tells Eddie that he would be killing a whole family. But nothing can stop Eddie now and he has a murderous look and with a bit of fake laugher puts forward things that they have done wrong. He says that he knows that Marco feels that what h did wasnt right and should apologize for taking his name away and accusing him for killing his children despite the fact that he put his roof over them and food in their mouths. He further provokes Marco by repeatedly calling him a liar and then they get physical as Eddie lunges at Marco. Marco strikes him in the neck and calls him a animal. Eddie goes down and when it seems Marco has full control of the situation, Eddie brings out a knife. Louis tries to stop Eddie, but Eddie is totally out of control and he lunges with his knife at Marco, who with a final cry of Anima-a-a-l!   grabs his arm and presses the blade into Eddie. Mike and Louis separate the pair, but time has run out for Eddie whose words to Beatrice were his last ever. Beatrice covers Eddie while people around are praying, lights shine on Alfieri who is in the crowd. So as the play has progressed, this dominant and generous hero of the play is made to seem like a selfish and rude villain, whos immense love, narrow minded nature and feelings of insecurity have led to him falling into his own trap of death. I do indeed think that Eddie was responsible for his own death, and it was bound to happen as soon as he had made the phone call which in my view was the hubris, the point of no return. But just like Alfieri, the audience does tend to feel sorry for this hard-working man, who despite having displayed his generosity, his life had to end in this manner. His selfishness and his flaw, which was his immense love, ate him up, and he was always very stubborn to his decisions and never took advice from either Alfieri or Beatrice. His deterioration was clear and could be monitored as he first felt honoured to welcome the Italian brothers, then when they he entered he asked them when they would leave and towards the end asked them to get out of their house. When Alfieri says at the end of the play, And yet it is better to settle for half, he is trying to send a message that despite the fact that Eddie displayed honest emotions through out, he still never compromised with everyone because of his narrow-minded beliefs and that eventually cost him his life.

Presidential Election :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 2004, the election has been the â€Å"biggest† news of the year. In 2000, the presidential election was marred by turmoil and scandal over the Florida punch card votes and alleged racial discrimination acts against minorities at the polls. The article, â€Å"Poll: U.S. Voters Skeptical of Elections† revisits the horror of the 2000 election and examines the current position of voters, Republicans, and Democrats on the accuracy of our (the U.S.) voting methods. The article states that six out of every ten Republicans and persons surveyed believed that no clear winner will be determined by November 3, 2004 and seven out of every ten Democrats feel the same. In addition, one-half of the voters feared the results would be challenged in the Supreme Court. Both political parties, Democrats and Republicans, have filed lawsuits over a variety of complaints--ranging from how provisional ballots are counted to alleged fraud in voter registration. The articl e states that a majority say that they are confident the vote count in their own state will be accurate, but when Democrats, as a group are asked less than one-half of them say that they are â€Å"very confident† their state’s vote count will be accurate, while three-fourths of Republicans feel that their state’s vote count will be accurate. The article says that during the closing days of the campaign, close tabs are being kept on Florida, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Iowa, and New Mexico, which are all potential battleground states where a challenge to a close race might be lodged November 3, 2004. When reviewing the 2000 election and the Florida catastrophe more than one-half, 54 percent to be exact, thought that the vote count was unfair and inaccurate. The Democrats overwhelmingly say that the vote count was unfair and inaccurate while Republicans overwhelmingly say that the vote count was fair and accurate. Independents say by a 2-to-1 margin that it was not fair. The conclusion drawn by the article is that political and legal challenges far outweigh any other worries intended to disrupt the elections. For millions of Americans every vote no longer counts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In political debates and elections the application of schemas, mental structures people use to organize their knowledge about the social world around themes or subjects and that influence the information people notice, think about, and remember, are very important in getting support, votes, and earning the trust of millions of Americans in Democracy and our processes. Presidential Election :: essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 2004, the election has been the â€Å"biggest† news of the year. In 2000, the presidential election was marred by turmoil and scandal over the Florida punch card votes and alleged racial discrimination acts against minorities at the polls. The article, â€Å"Poll: U.S. Voters Skeptical of Elections† revisits the horror of the 2000 election and examines the current position of voters, Republicans, and Democrats on the accuracy of our (the U.S.) voting methods. The article states that six out of every ten Republicans and persons surveyed believed that no clear winner will be determined by November 3, 2004 and seven out of every ten Democrats feel the same. In addition, one-half of the voters feared the results would be challenged in the Supreme Court. Both political parties, Democrats and Republicans, have filed lawsuits over a variety of complaints--ranging from how provisional ballots are counted to alleged fraud in voter registration. The articl e states that a majority say that they are confident the vote count in their own state will be accurate, but when Democrats, as a group are asked less than one-half of them say that they are â€Å"very confident† their state’s vote count will be accurate, while three-fourths of Republicans feel that their state’s vote count will be accurate. The article says that during the closing days of the campaign, close tabs are being kept on Florida, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Iowa, and New Mexico, which are all potential battleground states where a challenge to a close race might be lodged November 3, 2004. When reviewing the 2000 election and the Florida catastrophe more than one-half, 54 percent to be exact, thought that the vote count was unfair and inaccurate. The Democrats overwhelmingly say that the vote count was unfair and inaccurate while Republicans overwhelmingly say that the vote count was fair and accurate. Independents say by a 2-to-1 margin that it was not fair. The conclusion drawn by the article is that political and legal challenges far outweigh any other worries intended to disrupt the elections. For millions of Americans every vote no longer counts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In political debates and elections the application of schemas, mental structures people use to organize their knowledge about the social world around themes or subjects and that influence the information people notice, think about, and remember, are very important in getting support, votes, and earning the trust of millions of Americans in Democracy and our processes.

An Analyses of “When the Saints Go Marching in”

Kevin Fickel MUSC 105. 003 An Analysis of â€Å"When the Saints Go Marching In† The origins of â€Å"When the Saints† have never been fully explained in modern times. It was originally written as a Negro Spiritual hymn sometime near the beginning of the twentieth century. On written music, composers usually notate it as a traditional piece, but the identity of the original author remains up for debate.Some sources claim that the original lyrics of â€Å"When the Saints† were penned by Katherine Pervis and put to music by James Black in 1896, but many scholars today believe that Pervis and Black’s composition was a completely different piece of music due to it being titled â€Å"When the Saints Are Marching In†. Regardless, the original lyrics contain many spiritual references, particularly to heaven and the coming of God’s kingdom.In one of the verses, the author writes â€Å"Oh when the trumpet sounds its call, oh when the trumpet sounds it s call, I want to be in that number, when the trumpet sounds its call,† which is a reference to a passage in the book of Revelations, located in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The passage describes the sounding of seven trumpets by angels of heaven. Each trumpet brings about a specific catastrophic event upon the world below, which is filled with those who were not taken in to heaven at the onset of the world’s end.Other references to things such as â€Å"†¦the moon turns red with blood†¦ † and â€Å"†¦when the new world is revealed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are tied in with the end of days described in Revelations, which the author describes a desire to avoid by being in heaven. Though the original lyrics describe dark and unfortunate events, today â€Å"When the Saints† has a positive connotation attached to it. When it is performed in modern times, it is at a much faster tempo and the melody swings at an infectiously catchy pace.This chan ge started probably due to a trend that originated in New Orleans that consisted of inserting a verse that discussed how a former friend or relative had died, moved away, or was estranged from them and how they desired to see them again, often in the next life (i. e. heaven). In one of the earliest know recordings of â€Å"When the Saints†, the blues artist Barbeque Bob sings â€Å"†¦I had a dear old mother, she’s gone on to heaven I know, I promised the Lord I’d meet her, when the Saints go marching in†¦. The belief that a one will be able to reunite with all of their loved ones who have passed away before them, coupled with an image of heaven as eternal paradise for a soul instills hope in an individual. Taking this into account may explain the prevalence of bands performing â€Å"When the Saints† in New Orleans funeral marches. It may be that in the culture of New Orleans a funeral is not only a place for mourning the dead, but also a time t o celebrate the deceased’s passing into eternal paradise.Thus, â€Å"When the Saints† began a transformation from a solemn hymn to an upbeat funeral piece and then to one of the most famous jazz songs of all time. This transformation is quite staggering. When the song was first written, there was no recording technology that enabled its original form to be preserved. Barbeque Bob performed the earliest recording of â€Å"When the Saints† in the early twentieth century. His rendition is performed on acoustic guitar and has a very resigned tempo with the overall tone of the piece being one that fosters reflection.This style was probably representative of the standard way to play the piece at the time and most likely remained so until Louis Armstrong recorded his rendition of â€Å"When the Saints† in the format that most people recognize. Armstrong played â€Å"When the Saints† at a much faster tempo than Barbeque Bob and with a more upbeat and fun t one and with a full band featuring trombones, drums, a string bass, trumpet, clarinet, and several other instruments. Armstrong’s rendition ushered in the more common rendition of â€Å"When the Saints† that emulates his fast tempo and upbeat tone.Armstrong also created a way of playing â€Å"When the Saints† that allowed for passages of improvisation, a mainstay in jazz music. The strophic form of the verses and running bass allows for other instruments to take turns improvising before returning to the original melody. However, this also caused â€Å"When the Saints† to become a more secular piece as it lost its previously sacred themes and lyrics. In a duet between Louis Armstrong and Danny Kaye, the lyrics previously talking about the end of days and joining with others in heaven are replaced with a series of clever puns of the names of famous classical composers.This shows the shift of â€Å"When the Saints† from a sacred hymn intended to inspi re to a song intended to entertain. Instead of being played in church sanctuaries, it mostly is performed at concerts by ensembles not affiliated with any particular church. In listening to different recordings of this timeless piece that I myself have performed a few times in my life, I was most surprised to learn that â€Å"When the Saints† was not always an upbeat jazz piece. Hearing the evolution of this song through the various recordings was very interesting. I can say that I have a newfound interest in this piece that was not there before.

New Opportunities And Safe Loan Standards For Home Ownership

As American as apple pie, home ownership is a quintessential part of many American’s dream. Making this dream a reality requires hard work, perseverance, and an understanding of the housing market and loan options. It also requires a confidence in the economy and job market that many people justifiably do not have after a devastating housing crash. However, as our nation recovers from this crisis, we look ahead to new opportunities and safe loan standards for home ownership. â€Å"Like a boomerang,† a Sarasota Herald Tribune article describes â€Å"†¦recession-battered [boomerang buyers] are reentering the home market in droves after years of renting, nursing their credit and saving enough to buy again† (Salman). Both boomerang buyers and first time†¦show more content†¦Understandably, these factors are affecting many potential new home buyers who feel home ownership may be too risky and potential boomerang buyers who feel little hope for owning aga in after foreclosure. What these potential buyers may not know is that the housing market is rapidly gaining strength and security and home loans are available to boomerang buyers in as little as twelve months. An article titled â€Å"Boomerang buyers could boost housing market† not only states that people reentering the housing market after a foreclosure or short sale are able to qualify for loans, but they are necessary for the continued stability of the market. The article also states that â€Å"Under the Federal Housing Administration’s (FHA) â€Å"Back to Work† program, it will approve certain borrowers for a home loan just one year after a foreclosure, short sale, deed in lieu of foreclosure or bankruptcy ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬.† This time period has been reduced from two or three years for those individuals who lost their homes due to a job loss or other qualifying financial hardship (Miller). For potential new buyers, it is a great time to bu y as interest rates are at a historic low. USA Today reports that buying a home is 44 percent cheaper in many major metro cities and with â€Å"interest